Миграции Ошибка в Django: AttributeError: объект 'str' не имеет атрибута '_meta'
Я знаю, что об этом уже спрашивали. Но я попробовал доступные решения. Похоже, что они не работают в моем случае, если только я не пропустил что-то непреднамеренно.
Я удалил все таблицы/отношения из подключенной базы данных и удалил все предыдущие файлы миграции, кроме init.py. Затем запустил команду makemigrations, которая сработала нормально. Но после выполнения команды migrate.
возникла эта ошибка.Вот ошибка:
Applying book.0001_initial... OK
Applying reader.0001_initial...Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/brainiac77/github/bookworms_backend/backend/manage.py", line 22, in <module>
main()
File "/home/brainiac77/github/bookworms_backend/backend/manage.py", line 18, in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 446, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 440, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 414, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 460, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 98, in wrapped
res = handle_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 290, in handle
post_migrate_state = executor.migrate(
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 131, in migrate
state = self._migrate_all_forwards(
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 163, in _migrate_all_forwards
state = self.apply_migration(
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 248, in apply_migration
state = migration.apply(state, schema_editor)
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/migration.py", line 131, in apply
operation.database_forwards(
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/operations/models.py", line 93, in database_forwards
schema_editor.create_model(model)
File "/home/brainiac77/Installations/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 440, in create_model
if field.remote_field.through._meta.auto_created:
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute '_meta'
reader.0001_initial.py
# Generated by Django 4.0.6 on 2022-08-01 07:57
from django.conf import settings
from django.db import migrations, models
import django.db.models.deletion
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
initial = True
dependencies = [
migrations.swappable_dependency(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL),
('book', '0001_initial'),
]
operations = [
migrations.CreateModel(
name='Reader',
fields=[
('rid', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False)),
('photo_url', models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=200, null=True)),
('bio', models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=200, null=True)),
('read_books', models.ManyToManyField(through='reads.Reads', to='book.book')),
('user', models.OneToOneField(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, to=settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)),
],
options={
'db_table': 'reader',
},
),
]
Модель читателя
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
class Reader(models.Model):
rid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
photo_url = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True, null=True)
bio = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True, null=True)
read_books = models.ManyToManyField('book.Book', through='reads.Reads');
class Meta:
db_table = 'reader'
def __str__(self):
return {
'username': self.user.username,
'first_name': self.user.first_name,
'last_name': self.user.last_name,
'email': self.user.email,
'photo_url': self.photo_url,
'bio': self.bio,
}
Модель книги
from django.db import models
from genre.models import Genre
from reader.models import Reader
class Book(models.Model):
isbn = models.CharField(max_length=13,primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
description = models.TextField()
photo_url = models.CharField(max_length=255)
page_count = models.IntegerField()
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
genres = models.ManyToManyField(Genre)
authors = models.ManyToManyField(Reader, related_name='authored_books')
class Meta:
db_table = 'book'
def __str__(self):
return {
'isbn': self.isbn,
'title': self.title,
'description': self.description,
'photo_url': self.photo_url,
'page_count': self.page_count,
'created_at': self.created_at,
'updated_at': self.updated_at,
'genres': self.genres.all(),
'authors': self.authors.all(),
}
Читает модель:
from django.db import models
from reader.models import Reader
from book.models import Book
class Reads(models.Model):
status_choices = (
('w', 'Want to Read'),
('r', 'Reading'),
('c', 'Completed'),
)
rsid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
reader = models.ForeignKey(Reader, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
book = models.ForeignKey(Book, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
status = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=status_choices)
class Meta:
db_table = 'reads'
def __str__(self):
return {
'reader': self.reader.user.username,
'book': self.book.title,
'created_at': self.created_at,
'updated_at': self.updated_at,
'status': self.status,
}
Что я упускаю?
Мне кажется, что файл миграции (reader.0001_initial.py) неправильный. Там внешний ключ таблицы book.book
, который должен быть book.Book
.
Думаю, вам нужно очистить все файлы миграции и заново выполнить команду makemigrations
.
Вы можете переделать файл миграции для приложения reader
, используя следующую команду.
python manage.py reset_migrations reader